Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency

Institutional principles of digitalization of the construction industry

O. Shkuratov, V. Chudovska — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

It has been proven that the use of digital technologies in the construction industry allows to automate and optimize the processes of design, planning and management of construction production. This leads to a reduction in the time and costs of work, as well as an increase in the quality and safety of construction objects. An analysis of the global and domestic practice of using digital technologies in the construction industry was carried out. The conditions under which the digitization process is organized and the factors that limit the development of the digital potential of the construction industry are determined.

The available potential for the development of information technologies and the introduction of their products and services, as well as the readiness of construction enterprises for digitalization of business, was determined. At the same time, a number of factors are identified that limit the development of the digital potential of the construction complex and are formed as a result of the minimization of organizational and institutional initiatives of the authorities, the low level of development of the digital economy sector in the country, and the imperfection of the current regulatory and legal support.

It was found that the regulation of the use of BIM technologies in design and construction tasks is evidence of a two-way motivation for the transition to BIM, both from the point of view of business institutions and from the state side, especially at the regional level during the development of the digital potential of the country's construction complex. The exclusivity and objective influence of the institutional environment of digitalization of construction on the formation of the digital economy, which is based on the development of digital infrastructure and requires the formation of modern institutional support, has been proven.

The system of forming the institutional environment of digitalization of construction is substantiated, covering economic, ecological, social, cultural, regulatory and political tools for the development of digital technologies in the construction industry, forming a system of social-production, financial-economic and regulatory relationships. During the study of the institutional environment that was formed in the construction industry of the country during the transformation processes in the digital economy and other spheres of human activity, the influence of formal and informal institutions on the effectiveness of the functioning of construction entities is revealed.

It is argued that the institutional environment for the development of the digital economy in the construction industry is the basis that forms and influences the symbiosis of economic entities, consumers, and the state with the innovative environment and directs the vector of institutional transformations in the field of information technologies..

Public-private partnership as a tool for involving construction enterprises to participate in post-war reconstruction projects of Ukraine

N.V. Pliss — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Public-private partnership (PPP) is becoming a key tool in attracting construction companies to participate in construction projects in Ukraine. This form of cooperation between public authorities and the private sector has the potential to implement significant infrastructure facilities that contribute to economic recovery and raising the standard of living of the population.

In the context of post-conflict reconstruction, PPPs enable the pool of resources, finance and expertise of the private sector to be mobilized for the rapid and effective recovery of affected areas. Construction companies can make a significant contribution to the reconstruction of infrastructure, housing stock, social and commercial facilities that have been destroyed or damaged as a result of the conflict.

PPP creates favorable conditions for investment in construction and reconstruction, ensuring transparency, protection of investors' rights and stability of the conditions for concluding deals. In addition, this mechanism promotes the development of innovative approaches in the construction industry, the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies and the creation of new jobs.

Thanks to the implementation of the PPP in the reconstruction process, Ukraine can carry out a quick and high-quality recovery of the economy and infrastructure, contributing to the stabilization of the situation in the affected territories and raising the standard of living of the population.

The advantages of public-private partnership in this area are obvious. First, they can pool resources and expertise from both the public and private sectors. Secondly, the PPP promotes the development of competition and the improvement of the quality of work. When competitive conditions are created, the best quality and most efficient solutions are more easily chosen, leading to the improvement of the national infrastructure.

In addition, PPP ensures transparency and openness in project implementation. This ends up building the confidence of both investors and the public, which is a factor in the success of large-scale infrastructure projects. After a period of conflict and crisis, building and restoring infrastructure has become a key challenge for Ukraine. This requires large-scale financial and technical resources, which the state cannot always provide. Therefore, the use of public-private partnership (PPP) becomes a strategic step towards restarting the construction and development of infrastructure.

Methodological basics for evaluating the economic efficiency of the reconstruction of residential buildings

N. Lysytsia , L. Husarova — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Modern approaches to the implementation of complex programs for the reconstruction of residential buildings are analyzed. The need to take drastic decisions and measures aimed at improving the current situation with the technical condition of residential buildings in the country has been proven. The advantages of reconstruction of buildings over new construction are given, since it is expedient to organize the reconstruction of the housing stock through the demolition of old objects and new construction in cases where the high level of physical wear and tear of residential buildings does not allow the effective use of capital investments of owners and funds of state support for reconstruction works. In addition, the demolition of old buildings, design, preparation of the territory and the construction itself significantly increase the time of commissioning and the cost of the future building.

The technical and economic indicators (TEP) during the construction of buildings and structures, which are calculated for comparing constructive and volume-planning solutions and choosing the most economically advantageous of them, are considered. The system of indicators is analyzed, which is based on the determination of the relative technical and economic efficiency of the reconstruction of a residential building and reflects the ratio of the entire set of costs associated with the reconstruction and the results achieved during the construction, installation and repair works.

The full volume of costs was analyzed when calculating the volume of capital investments aimed at improving living conditions (for example, improving the thermal insulation of enclosing structures, installing additional engineering communications and replacing outdated equipment, re-planning of apartments), costs associated with increasing the living space by increasing storeys of the building, as well as the costs of relocating residents, observing the norms of providing living space and providing the necessary social infrastructure. To determine the effectiveness of a specific residential building reconstruction project, costs and revenues from the implementation of the project are planned. By income, we mean proceeds from the sale of housing, renting out premises for offices and other types of commercial activities, as well as utility payments.

European experience in assessment of technical acceptability construction products

Skakun Skakun — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The article examines the current state of the European system for determining the cost of works necessary for the development of documents assessing the technical acceptability of construction products. The analysis highlights significant progress in the standardization and harmonization of technical regulation methodologies across EU member states, facilitated by the Construction Products Regulation (CPR).

In the EU, a reliable institutional framework for the assessment of technical acceptability has already been formed, which includes a system of regulatory and legal regulation, bodies and organizations dealing with these issues, procedures established for determining the cost of technical assessment, detailing the stages of research, testing, certification and documentation. Clear guidelines and benchmarks are developed to ensure transparency and predictability of project budgeting, including cost-benefit analysis to balance economic impact with regulatory compliance. The integration of advanced technologies, such as building information modeling (BIM) and automated testing equipment, will significantly increase the efficiency and accuracy of the system for determining the quality of construction products. These technological advances enable real-time monitoring and accurate data analysis and processing, reducing the time and cost of manual assessment.

Despite these achievements, the article recognizes ongoing challenges, such as inconsistency in the implementation of the policy of technical regulation of construction products in member countries and the need for constant adaptation to technological innovations, the level of which is different in different countries. The future direction of development for the European system for determining the technical acceptability of construction products includes improving the digital infrastructure, promoting ecological construction methods and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises. Continued investment in research and development and the promotion of an innovative regulatory environment are essential to maintain the reliability, environmental focus and relevance of the decision-making system.

A comprehensive review of the European system for determining the cost of work on the development of technical acceptance documents for construction products highlights significant progress in standardization, technological integration and cooperation of stakeholders, and also identifies areas for future improvement to ensure the continued efficiency and adaptability of the system in the Ukrainian construction industry.

Modernization of operational and analytical indicators of functional and technological reliability of development construction projects

R. Zhаldak , M. Druzhynin — Fri, 24 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article discusses the background and main aspects need to update modern paradigm of construction organizational and technological planning, it changes according to the current understanding of providing comprehensive reliability construction projects realization as flow multiplier set of key indicators of a project. Considered flaws of one of the most common methodology in prior definition of organizational and technological reliability of the construction project, which belongs to the single-purpose optimization problems and concerns predicting the probability of an execution process with given parameters.

Modernization of operational and analytical indicators of functional and technological reliability of development construction project executors is a key aspect of improving construction processes and ensuring the quality of work. This abstract explores modern strategies and methods aimed at improving the efficiency and reliability of construction projects. Tools and approaches to measuring functional and technological reliability are analyzed, including the use of metrics for problem response time, problem solving efficiency, and overall performance. Models and methods for predicting risks associated with the technical aspects of construction and operation of facilities are considered. Particular attention is paid to the development of integrated approaches to monitoring and data analysis that allow for the prompt identification of potential problems and avoidance of negative consequences. Examples of the introduction of modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence, data analytics and the Internet of Things, into construction control systems are provided. The advantages of these innovative approaches in ensuring the quality and timeliness of construction works, as well as reducing the risks of functional disruptions are highlighted. The analysis of these approaches allows us to determine the optimal strategies for modernizing operational and analytical indicators of functional and technological reliability in development construction projects.

Introduction of the European experience of digital administration in the practice of managing domestic construction projects

О. Prуkhodko , G. Nikolaev — Fri, 24 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the content and regulation of organizational and technological measures to ensure biosferous construction on the basis of the experience of applying the ecologically-oriented methodology of territorial planning. The design decision to ensure the functional and technological reliability of developers of construction projects from the standpoint of the possibility of implementing the functions of biosphere-compatible construction and implementation of innovative design and architectural-planning solutions is analyzed. The problems and the main ecological and urban planning principles of the organization of the key forms of resettlement - urban agglomerations are considered. The method of planning organization of systems of interrelated resettlement taking into account ecological and city-planning conditions on the basis of organizational and technological estimation of biosphere compatibility of settlements from the standpoint of efficiency of building technologies of architectural and urban complex is proposed. The introduction of European experience in digital administration in the management of domestic construction projects in Ukraine is becoming an important area for the development of modern infrastructure and improving the quality of construction projects. This article traces the key aspects of the implementation of European standards and practices of digital administration in the management of construction projects in Ukraine. The article analyzes strategies for adapting and implementing digital tools such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), electronic document management and online monitoring systems that can increase the efficiency and transparency of project management. The advantages of using digital technologies in the planning, execution and control of construction projects are discussed, in particular, in terms of reducing costs, increasing the accuracy and speed of decision-making. Examples of successful implementation of European practices in construction management in different countries and possible ways of their adaptation to the conditions of the Ukrainian construction market are analyzed in detail. This analysis helps to determine the optimal strategies and approaches for the successful implementation of digital administration in construction project management in Ukraine.

Problems and methods of assessing the level of digital development of construction participants in a multiproject environment

D.V. Dubinin — Fri, 24 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Problems and methods of assessing the level of digital development of construction participants in a multiproject environmentSince the beginning of the war, the construction industry, along with the entire system of functioning of the country's economy, is undergoing significant transformations caused by military actions, structural changes, and digital technologies. Assessing the level of digital development of construction participants in a multi-project environment is a multifaceted and complex task, part of which is solved in the article. The main challenge of a multi-project environment is the diversity of construction projects, each with its own stakeholders, requirements and digital ecosystems. This diversity often leads to differences in digital development among participants, which hinders collaboration, efficiency, and project outcomes. Understanding and addressing these challenges is essential to foster alignment, integration and digital innovation across the construction ecosystem.Challenges in assessing digital development include interoperability issues, cultural resistance to change, and the lack of standardized assessment metrics. Interoperability problems arise due to the use of different software platforms and data formats, which prevents seamless collaboration and data exchange between construction participants. Cultural resistance to change, common in traditional construction practices, creates obstacles to the adoption of digital technologies and the introduction of new work processes. In addition, the lack of standardized indicators and evaluation systems makes it difficult to compare the digital maturity of projects and organizations.By addressing these challenges and using appropriate methodologies, construction stakeholders can navigate the complexities of digital development in a multi-project environment, encouraging efficiency, innovation and collaboration in the construction ecosystem. Digitization is essential to meet the growing demands of modern construction projects and achieve sustainable success in the digital age.

Obgruntuvannia kontseptual'nykh zasad udoskonalennia systemy upravlinnia stratehichnymy vytratamy pidpryiemstva na grunti derzhavno-pryvatnoho partnerstva: normatyvno-pravovyj aspekt

H. M. Kolisnyk — Fri, 24 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the conceptual foundations for the improvement of the strategic cost management system of the enterprise on the basis of public-private partnership from the standpoint of the regulatory and legal field. The justification of the possibilities of effective state regulation of business sector costs and the determination of specific objects of purposeful influence by the state and the methods of its implementation will make it possible to determine the structure of the business sector of the economy according to the criterion of the cost concentration factor. From the point of view of the enterprise, cost management is one of the most important components of the enterprise management process. It was determined that the purpose of the accounting and analytical system is the formation of information about all aspects related to the existing and future costs of the enterprise for the adoption of appropriate management decisions of a strategic nature, which are invested in the optimization of the costs of the enterprise. The process of accounting and analytical support for strategic cost management of the enterprise is presented. The principles of enterprise cost management have been clarified. It was found that the purpose of cost management is to ensure the implementation of a unified economic policy at the enterprise regarding planning, definition, analysis and control of the economic and operational activities of enterprises, ensuring the rational use of financial, labor and material and investment resources, the use of highly effective technologies, and the determination of ways to increase efficiency production by optimizing costs and strengthening control over production, etc. Differences between forward-looking indicators of future performance factors and delayed indicators of activity results are proposed. It has been proven that the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanism of public-private partnership depends on the appropriate regulatory and legal environment, and the regulation of the mechanism of public-private partnership should be aimed at the formation of a favorable economic and management environment for the effective functioning of the country's economy during martial law. The issue of ensuring enterprise cost accounting was considered at the legislative level. The need to implement cost management has been proven in practice. It has been proven that state regulation in the cost management system should be aimed at the constant search and identification of resource saving reserves in order to increase the efficiency of the financial and economic activities of the business sector.