Development of a methodology for scientific and technical supervision of the restoration of architectural and urban planning monuments

Abstract

Preservation of cultural heritage in the context of urban development and reconstruction requires new approaches to technical control. Traditional methods of technical supervision, focused exclusively on monitoring the compliance of completed works with the requirements of design and estimate documentation and regulatory legal acts, are critically insufficient for cultural heritage sites. Such an approach does not guarantee compliance with international restoration standards and creates a real threat of losing their historical value. The existing organizational model of technical supervision in Ukraine establishes the procedural dependence of the technical supervision engineer and provides for his universal specialization. The systemic lack of professional training in working with historical materials and restoration technologies leads to irreversible losses of the authenticity of architectural and urban planning monuments during repair and restoration works.

The article proposes an author's organizational model of scientific and technical supervision, the fundamental basis of which is the targeted specialization and digitalization of the control of the technical supervision engineer. A methodology has been developed that provides for mandatory specialized training (special training) of an engineer by specialists in scientific and technical support for the specifics of a particular historical object. This approach turns a technical supervision engineer into a qualified guarantor of compliance with ICOMOS principles within the framework of project implementation. The implementation of the methodology allows to effectively bridge the gap between the scientific requirements of restorer scientists and the practical actions of construction contractors. It has been proven that the use of modern digital tools (in particular, the formation of an integrated "digital memory of the object") transforms supervision from the formal signing of paper acts into a transparent process of continuous monitoring. This forms a reliable protective barrier that protects the national cultural capital from incompetent interventions and increases the overall quality of restoration and repair work.