Information technologies in the management of configuration and logistics of prefabricated housing construction

Abstract

The article investigates modern approaches to the application of information technologies in the management of configuration and logistics in prefabricated housing construction. The relevance of the research is determined by the rapid urbanization processes, the growing global demand for affordable housing, and the need to significantly reduce construction project implementation time. Traditional methods of construction management are often characterized by insufficient coordination of material, informational, and transport flows, which leads to delays in supply chains, inefficient use of resources, and reduced productivity of construction processes. In this context, the digital transformation of logistics and supply management becomes an essential prerequisite for improving the efficiency of prefabricated and modular construction systems.

The aim of the study is to analyze the potential and effectiveness of modern information technologies, including Building Information Modeling (BIM), the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and intelligent supply chain management systems, in optimizing logistics and configuration processes in prefabricated residential construction. The research is based on a comprehensive methodological framework that includes system analysis, mathematical modeling, comparative analysis, and optimization techniques. In particular, a dual-objective optimization model considering carbon emissions and customer satisfaction indicators was applied to analyze logistics processes. The optimization problem was solved using an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Additionally, simulation modeling of modular assembly processes was conducted using the Visual Components 3D environment.

The results of the study demonstrate that the implementation of digital technologies significantly improves the efficiency of logistics management in construction projects. A comparative analysis of manual and automated assembly processes revealed that robotic production lines can reduce the duration of modular assembly operations by approximately 35–38%. Economic calculations confirm the high investment efficiency of automated prefabrication technologies, with relatively short payback periods due to substantial labor cost savings.

The study also identifies the key barriers that hinder the widespread implementation of digital technologies in prefabricated construction. These barriers include high initial investment costs, technological challenges related to the integration of information systems, insufficient digital competencies among construction professionals, and regulatory constraints within existing construction standards. To address these challenges, methodological approaches based on process-oriented life cycle management and the integration of CAD–BIM–CAM systems are proposed.