The impact of the sequence of structures delivery on the intensity of construction of low-rise prefabricated buildings

Abstract

In modern construction, prefabricated and modular building methods are gaining increasing popularity due to their ability to significantly reduce project timelines, minimize waste, and improve overall construction quality. This article is devoted to investigating a critical aspect of construction management – the impact of the delivery sequence of prefabricated structures (panels, modules, frame elements) on the intensity of assembling low-rise prefabricated buildings. The logistical problems faced by construction companies are considered, in particular, the complexity of transporting large-sized elements, the limited storage area on the construction site, and the need for strict synchronization of production and assembly processes. Special attention is paid to the implementation of Lean Logistics principles and the "Just-in-Time" (JIT) concept, which allow for "wheels-to-structure" assembly, thereby avoiding the downtime of assembly cranes and construction crews.

In this work, a mathematical model for the comprehensive assessment of the compatibility of supply and assembly processes was developed and adapted, taking into account the costs of materials, transportation, as well as penalties for premature or delayed delivery of structures. Based on the calculations and simulated scenarios (unsynchronized supply compared to JIT logistics), it was proven that strict adherence to the sequence of structural delivery can increase the intensity of construction work, reduce total costs, and lower the risks of disrupting calendar schedules. The article contains detailed comparative analyses of traditional logistics versus optimized supply, as well as descriptive graphical interpretations of the relationships between supply accuracy and the technological efficiency of the project. The research results serve as a valuable resource for engineers, project managers, and logisticians aiming to optimize supply chains in prefabricated construction.